LXC, which stands for Linux Containers, is a containerization solution that takes advantage of existing kernel features (such as namespaces and cgroups) to create container environments that are as close as possible to normal Linux installations, without the overhead of simulating hardware or running multiple kernels. In this learning activity, you are tasked with installing and configuring LXC in order to create multiple Linux containers.
Learning Objectives
Successfully complete this lab by achieving the following learning objectives:
- Install the LXC package.
# sudo apt-get install lxc- Set up the network device quota for the unprivileged user, `cloud_user`, to include 10 veth devices.
Edit
/etc/lxc/lxc-usernet:# sudo vim /etc/lxc/lxc-usernet
Add the following line:
cloud_user veth lxcbr0 10
- Copy the LXC configuration file
Copy the LXC configuration file to the
cloud_users’s home directory and append the uid and gid map for thecloud_userto the file. Once completed, be sure to log out of the lab server and log back in to activate the new configuration.Create
.config/lxcin the users home directory:# mkdir -p ~/.config/lxc
Copy the
lxc default.conffile to the newly created directory:# cp /etc/lxc/default.conf ~/.config/lxc/default.confEnsure a uid/gid map exists in
/etc/subuidand/etc/subgidfor the cloud user.Copy the uid/gid map and add it to the configuration file in the user’s home directory:
# vim ~/.config/lxc/default.confAppend the following (uid/gid map numbers may vary):
lxc.id_map = u 0 231072 65536 lxc.id_map = g 0 231072 65536Once this step is completed, log out of the lab server and log back in to activate the new configuration file.
- Create a container
Create a container named
ubunturunning Ubuntu Xenial and a container namedcentosrunning CentOS 7; both should use the amd64 architecture.Create the
ubuntucontainer using thedownloadtemplate:# DOWNLOAD_KEYSERVER="keyserver.ubuntu.com" lxc-create -n ubuntu -t download -- -d ubuntu -r xenial -a amd64
Create the
centoscontainer using thedownloadtemplate:# DOWNLOAD_KEYSERVER="keyserver.ubuntu.com" lxc-create -n centos -t download -- -d centos -r 7 -a amd64- Update the permissions on the
.localfolder:
- Update the permissions on the
chmod +x /home/cloud_user/.local- Start up the newly created servers as daemons running in the background.
Start up the containers using the
-doption:# lxc-start -n centos -d# lxc-start -n ubuntu -dTo see that both of the containers are running run
lxc-ls -f
